How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

The dictionary of life has a new update. A DNA sequence that signals cells in almost all other organisms to stop synthesising proteins instead encodes a rare amino acid in some archaea, according to a ...

A variety of genetic diseases are caused by ‘nonsense’ mutations that change a sense codon to a premature termination codon (PTC), causing early termination of protein synthesis. Nonsense suppression, ...

Everything on Earth is made of atoms, most of which are closely packed together in the form of minerals. Life has its uses for minerals—ask a coral reef—but its essence lies in atoms arranged as ...

We independently review everything we recommend. When you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. Learn more› by Mace Dent Johnson We’ve tasted more than 80 nonalcoholic drinks and recommend ...