Kenneth F. Clark is in the Department of Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK. Chemical bonds result from the pairing of two electrons. One ...

Radical chemistry occupies a fascinating niche at the intersection of reactive intermediates and advanced materials science, where the interplay of unpaired electrons underpins unconventional bonding ...

Main group elements in low oxidation states have the potential to carry out chemistry that’s usually reserved for transition metals. For example, at low oxidation states, these atoms might be able to ...

While our cells are performing some important, basic functions, they can generate compounds known as reactive oxygen species ...

Organocatalysts consisting of organic compounds without metal elements are receiving much attention as next generation catalysts in the hope of reducing environmental burden and coping with exhaustion ...

Alkyl radicals are carbon radicals of normal chain and branched chain alkanes, available as reaction intermediates even at late stages of synthesis. Recently, it has become possible to generate alkyl ...

Macrolactones—large ring lactones—are core components of many natural products and pharmaceutical agents. Traditional synthetic routes rely on seco acids activated with condensing reagents, often ...