Exponential signal amplification is achieved when a single molecule of analyte initiates a chain reaction in which a dendrimer releases a coloured 'reporter' molecule, and ultimately four further ...

DPGAs (digitally programmable-gain amplifiers) amplify or attenuate analog signals, which maximizes an ADC’s dynamic range. Most monolithic DPGAs, such as the Linear Technology LTC6910 and the ...

VGAs are available with continuously variable gains or, in simpler topologies, with gain in discrete steps. Discrete steps are preferable in measurement circuits or in applications that can tolerate ...